In fact, the modern spelling can be found much earlier : the 1830 OS one inch map, reproduced in Ditmas, shows Berwick Salome [ sic ], though in a smaller typeface than Berwick Prior.
2.
It is certainly not a conventional GIS, but one answer is that any system that can create an image like the one shown below is some kind of GIS . This image from " A Vision of Britain through Time " combines the boundaries of local government districts, data on unemployment from the 1931 census, and a scanned image of an Ordnance Survey ten mile-to-one inch map from the early 20th century.
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